Primary pleuropulmonary sarcoma: what we know about it?

Anosmia: What We Know and Don't Know about It

There are many cases of smelling disorders, which can impact an individual’s ability to smell. In addition, it’s important to understand there is a whole population among us who cannot smell (anosmia), who may have grown up never smelling (congenital anosmia), or who have reduced smell (hyposmia). Because the sense of smell is not as severe, life-threatening, or well-known, it is not widely stu...

Superior Capsule Reconstruction: What Do We Know?

The management of irreparable rotator cuff tears remains challenging. Since its introduction by Mihata in 2012, superiorcapsule reconstruction (SCR) has grown in popularity at an astonishingly rapid rate. The aim of this article is to providea comprehensive review of the available literature, in order to highlight what has so far been published on SCR,covering all aspects including biomechanica...

Q&A: What do we know about influenza and what can we do about it?

Influenza pandemics occur when human populations are infected by a variant virus to which a population has no prior immunity. What are the crucial varying genes? The crucial genes are those encoding the two viral surface proteins hemagglutinin (H or HA) and neuraminidase (N or NA). The influenza A viruses [1] that infect mammals like us replicate principally in the epithelial cells of the airwa...

Erythema nodosum :what should we consider about it?

Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma: what do we really know about it?

BACKGROUND Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas (PXA) may recur and demonstrate aggressive clinical behavior with a mortality rate between 15% and 20%. To the authors' knowledge, no histopathologic features currently are known to reliably predict recurrence or tumor progression. METHODS The study was based on 71 cases with available information regarding clinical and therapeutic data and follow-up....